Administratio Locorum Citizens’ budget as a tool to learn about social preferences in the field of landscape design
Abstract
The article concerns the citizens’ budget (BO), understood as one of the forms of social participation, thanks to which the residents can directly (by voting) influence the expenditure from the budget of their city/commune/voivodeship. The aim of the work is to demonstrate that the citizens’ budget (BO) is a valuable tool to learn about social preferences in the field of landscape design. In the course of the research proceedings a general BO analysis was carried out in Poland and then, on the example of projects selected in subsequent editions of BO Lublin, the inhabitants’ needs were identified in relation to shaping the landscape of their city. In particular, attention was paid to their attitude to improving the city’s aesthetics and the role of green areas in the city. Analyzes have shown that projects related to aesthetics and greenery are becoming more and more popular, while among the BO projects winning the greatest support, infrastructure tasks (roads, sports) dominate.
Keywords
landscape; public space; urban greenery; social participation; Lublin
An assessment of economic, social and environmental consequences of the liquidation of the Szczakowa Dolomite Factory
Abstract
is a mineral that has many uses. It is most commonly used in the construction industry, as a raw material for the production of cement and material for road construction. Dolomites are mined in open-cast mines. One of such mines was the Szczakowa Dolomite Factory (Jaworzno, Silesia Province, Poland). The company contributed to the development of local infrastructure and was a workplace for many people. The aim of the study is to assess the economic, social and environmental effects caused by the liquidation of the Szczakowa Dolomite Factory. The analysis was performed by means of descriptive and analytical method. The following documents prepared for the studied area were used: study of conditions and directions of spatial development, local spatial development plans, revitalization programs and environmental protection programs. In addition, the budget statements, historical documents, maps and publications in the local press were analyzed. The activities carried out after the liquidation of the company were presented. It has been shown that the closure of the Szczakowa Dolomite Factory caused negative economic and social effects. At the same time, however, the pressure on the natural environment was reduced.
Keywords
factory liquidation; economic effects; open-cast mines; social effects; revitalization; spatial development
Transformation of cultural landscape of Cyprus
Abstract
the past several decades, the coastal regions of the Republic of Cyprus have changed mainly under the influence of tourism. At that time, traditional rural areas were gradually transformed, among others by migration of inhabitants to cities. In these areas, the traditional rural landscape has lost its original character and the rhythm imposed by farming. The forms lost their function, and villages as well as small towns were depopulated. The abandoned farms, which are visible in the landscape, and the progressive succession in formerly used agricultural areas, are signs of the loss of cultural heritage and tradition. The development of the tourism industry is being generated today by mass tourism. There are large scale hotel facilities, not adapted to the character of the place. Issues related to changes in the landscape and various forms of isolation (tourist isolation, social isolation) are the basis for the discussions. The aim of the work is to analyze the current state of cultural landscape in selected areas of the southern part of Cyprus. To determine the degree of landscape transformation, available source materials (current and archival), field analyzes and interview were used. The research allowed to determine the factors affecting changes and the degree of transformation of the cultural landscape. The most important factors of changes include the marginalization of rural areas, population migration to cities, progressive suburbanization and the development of mass tourism.
Keywords
cultural landscape; rural areas; tourism; Republic of Cyprus
Legal and tax aspects of reprivatization
Abstract
This publication is devoted to reprivatization and processes related to its implementation. Based on legal and tax issues, and also on the political situation in Poland, the author wants to show the effects of reprivatization in Poland. But not only in the individual dimension, how does it affect individual citizens, but also what effect it will have on the whole economy country. Warsaw real estate plays a major role in the article, however, it should be noted that the problem affects not only the capital, but is of a national character, and basing itself on the example of Warsaw tenement houses only has a better illustrate of the problem. Understanding reprivatization, its nature, goals and effects is a fundamental issue in building a new economy. This dependence seems to be understood by both publicists and politicians who have recently taken actions aimed at creating new legal regulations.
Keywords
nationalization; reprivatization of real estate; tax law; , tax on natural persons; value-added tax; national legislation
Conditions analysis for the use of the Napoleonic Code as a basis for the entry in the land and mortgage register of the ownership right to the state treasury
Abstract
The Napoleonic Code was introduced in France in 1804 by Napoleon Bonaparte and was also valid for part of the Polish lands between May 1, 1808 and December 31, 1946. The Code provided for the presumption of state ownership for all lands with unsettled legal status. According to art. 713 of the Napoleonic Code, goods that do not have an owner belong to the state. In its resolution of June 27, 2013, the Supreme Court ruled that the provisions of the Napoleonic Code may constitute an independent basis for making an entry in the land and mortgage register of the ownership right to the State Treasury. To this day, a large part of real estate in Poland has an unregulated legal status. This phenomenon also applies to State Treasury lands, which is why allowing the regulation of the legal status of real estate on the basis of the Napoleonic Code by a resolution of the Supreme Court gives the local government units a potential chance to regulate the legal status of many properties. This article analyzes the case law of the Supreme Court in order to indicate the documents necessary to make an entry of the ownership right in the land and mortgage register based on Art. 713 of the Napoleonic Code for the benefit of the State Treasury.
Keywords
Napoleonic code; land and mortgage register; regulation of state legal status of state lands
Level of and spatial differences of support for rural renewal with EU funds in Poland
Abstract
This article concerns a spatial analysis and the evaluation of the EU funds use supporting rural renewal in Poland under the activity “Rural Renewal and Development”. The level of beneficiaries’ interest is discussed as well as the scale of investments undertaken. The study presents the structure of beneficiaries and the material effects achieved. Moreover, emphasis was put on the conditions determining the acquisition of funds under the analysed activity. The analysis was conducted from the perspective of voivodeships and poviats on the basis of the data included in the Local Data Bank. In the study use was made of the “Report on the implementation of the 2007–2013 Rural Development Programme (RDP)”. This work covers the years 2007–2015 taking into account the rule n+ 2, which extends the financial settlement of the EU assistance by two years.
Keywords
Rural renewal; EU funds; Poland
Housing transformations as the factor of city spatial development and the determinant for improving living conditions – a case study.
Abstract
City space undergoes constant changes. Natural environmental conditions, demographic and socio-economic condition shape the structure of area development. The aim of the study is to determine the ongoing changes in construction (mainly housing) in a town and their influence on inhabitants’ living conditions. The research results show that the changes in housing are beneficial. It is manifested in the increasing housing capacity. Living conditions have improved, for instance, the usable floor area in general and per one inhabitant is higher, the number of people for one apartment is lower, and the general number of housing capacity has increased almost 30%. Consequently, the construction density and the intensiveness of using city space are higher. Residential area that emerges outside city administration is also connected with the city developmental area.
Keywords
residential areas; living conditions; housing conditions; urbanization; medium-sized towns; housing
Replacement planting in the light of the Polish law–an effective or token tool of environmental compensation?
Abstract
The goal of the work was to aim to evaluate replacement planting as a tool of environmental compensation determined in the Polish law. The analysis was conducted on the basis of data for Wrocław contained in the reports of the President of Wrocław on the execution of tasks in 1991–2016. Among other things the research examined the proportion of the number of removed trees to the number of trees planted as part of replacement planting. It compared the total of fees charged as a result of decisions in particular years which constituted income in the municipal budget to the cost of purchase and delivery of plant material. Unfortunately, the total number of trees and shrubs felled following permission of the authorized unit of the Municipal Office was many times bigger than the total number of new tree plantings, resulting both from administrative decisions and planned activities of the units of the municipality of Wrocław.
Keywords
Nature Conservation Act; tree and shrub removal; environmental compensation; replacement planting; Wrocław
The assessment of attractiveness and accessibility of history facilities utilized for the needs of tourism
Abstract
A potential tourisc sightseeing historic military facilities can encounter a large number of attractions (Finney 2007, Le Tissier 2005, Platt 1992). With regard to this the main aim of this work is to present a method of the assessment of attractiveness and accessibility of historic military facilities utilized for the needs of tourism along with its verification on selected research facilities, which, for the sake of this work will be represented by Blucher’s Bunker Complex in Ustka and Wilczy Szaniec Fortress in Gierłoża. As a result of conducted survey research there have been named factors having the most influence of effective formation of touristic areas of historic military facilities . In further part there have been elaborated and presented markers and standards of the assessment of attractiveness of historic military facilities areas, simultaneously elaborating the rules of conducting an assessment. The method presented was subject to verification on selected research facilities.
Keywords
touristic military area; tourism; touristic attractiveness of an area